Based on the earthquake catalog with magnitude over 5.0 and reports of earthquake disaster evaluation provided by provincial earthquake administration, the major data and characteristics of earthquake disasters in southwest Chinaare summarized, the spatial-temporal characteristics and strength grade characteristics were analyzed. The research indicated that earthquake disasters have a coupling relationship with population distribution，economic level，topography and geomorphology and human factors in southwest of China and proposed some summarizes for the governments to reconstruct and reduce earthquake disaster .