地震预警（EEW）或实时地震预警系统是指，几秒内检测到临近区域可能发生的强烈地震后，对本地提供预警信息的系统。地震预警的目标是，通过相应决策让人们能够在多种环境中保护自己，并减轻与地震相关的次生灾害。本文详细介绍了地震预警系统在日本的发展历程，指出预警信息已不再局限于向高级用户和公众用户进行发布，私人定制用户已成为预警信息发布的重要需求。未来地震预警技术的发展，特别是实时断层源成像识别技术，对改善预警系统并快速识别震源参数具有重要意义。
Early earthquake warning (EEW) or real time earthquake warning is a system that provides early warning information to local people in a few seconds after a strong earthquake near the area is detected. The goal of earthquake early warning is to make people protect themselves in a variety of environments and mitigate secondary disasters associated with earthquakes through appropriate decisions. In this paper, the development process of Japan's earthquake early warning system introduces in detail. It is also indicated that the early warning information is not limited to be published to advanced users and public users, the private custom users have become an important demand for early warning information release. The future development of earthquake early warning technology, especially the real-time fault source imaging identification technology, will be very important for improving the early warning system to quickly identify the source parameters.
2018,39(4): 126-134 收稿日期：2017-11-08
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2018.04.016
基金项目：中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项（项目编号：2016B08）
作者简介：杨程(1978-),男,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事强震动观测数据处理研究工作
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