对于地震灾害与风险评估，人们更关注的是地震辐射能量ES和能量震级Me的大小，能量震级Me反映震源动态特征，适合描述地震的潜在破坏性。本文介绍地震波能量ES和地震矩M0的物理意义及能量震级Me的定义和测定方法，并测定得到2017年8月8日四川九寨沟MS 7.0地震的能量震级Me为6.3。
For seismic disaster and risk assessment, scientist pay more attention to earthquake radiation energy ES and energy magnitude Me. Energy magnitude Me reflects the dynamic characteristics of the source, so it is more suitable to describe the potential destructiveness of earthquakes. In this paper, we given an introduction to the significance of seismic wave energy ES and seismic moment M0 as two physical quantities, and the definition and measurement method of energy magnitude Me. We mensurated the energy magnitude Me of the MS 7.0 earthquake in Jiuzhaigou, sichuan province on August 8, 2017, Me is 6.3.
2018,39(5): 1-7 收稿日期：2018-09-28
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2018.05.001
基金项目：2018年中国地震局地球物理研究所基本业务费专项（项目编号：DQJB18B04）：能量震级测定方法研究
作者简介：袁乃荣(1963-),女,副教授,主要从事物理教学和地震波传播等研究工作
*通讯作者：刘瑞丰(1962-),男,研究员,主要从事数字地震资料分析处理、地震震级测定等研究工作
参考文献：
陈运泰,刘瑞丰. 地震的震级[J]. 地震地磁观测与研究,2004,25(6):1-12.
李赞,刘瑞丰,孔韩东. 中强地震能量震级测定[J]. 地震学报,2019(待刊).
万永革. 地震学导论[M]. 北京:地震出版社,2016:347-350.
Boatwright J L, Choy G. Teleseismic estimates of energy radiated by shallow earthquakes[J]. J Geophys Res, 1986, 91:2 095-2 112.
Bormann P. Earthquake magnitude[M]. In:Harsh Gupta (ed.). Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, Springer, 2011:207-218; doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8702-7.
Choy G and Boatwright J L. Global patterns of readiated seismic energy and apparent stress[J]. J Geophys Res, 1995, 100(B9):18 205-18 228.
Convers J A, Newman V. Global evaluation of large earthquake energy from 1997 through mid-2010[J]. J Geophys Res, 2011, 116:B08304.
Giacomo D, Grosser H, Parolai S, Bormann P, Wang R. Rapid determination of Me for strong to great shallow earthquakes[J]. J Geophys Res Lett, 2008, 35:L10308.
Gutenberg B and Richter C F. Seismicity of the Earth and Associated Phenomena[M]. 2nd edition, Princeton:Princeton University Press, 1954.
Kennett B L N, Engdahl E R and Buland R. Constraints on seismic velocities in the Earth from traveltimes[J]. Geophys J, 1995, 122:108-124.
Lay T and Wallace T C. Modern Global Seismology[M]. ISBN 0-12-732870-X, Academic Press, 1995:1-521.
Newman A V, Okal E A. Teleseismic estimates of radiated seismic energy:The E/M0_discriminant for tsunami earthquakes[J]. J Geophys Res, 1998, 103:26 885-26 898.
Stein S and Wysession M. An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes and Earth Structure[M]. Malden:Blackwell Publishing, 2003:1-498.
Venkataraman A and Kanamori H. Effect of directivity on estimates of radiated seismic energy[J]. J Geophys Res, 2004a, 109:B04301; doi:10.1029/2003JB002548.
Venkataraman A and Kanamori H. Observational constraints on the fracture energy of subduction zone earthquakes[J]. J Geophys Res, 2004b,109:B04301; doi:0431.01029JB002549.
Wang R. A simple orthonormalization method for stable and efficient computation of Green's functions[J]. Bull Seismol Soc Am, 1999, 89(3):733-741.
