通过对比崇明地区地闪及崇明地震台地球物理观测资料，发现受地闪引起的电磁场变化的直接作用或对仪器元件的间接作用，地磁、地电、电磁扰动和水位观测干扰比例较高，干扰幅度与地闪距离及形成的电流强度有关。具体干扰形态如下：①对电磁扰动干扰表现为单向突跳和测值的整体抬升；②对地磁测项干扰表现为正负方向的单点突跳；③对大地电场干扰表现为大幅震荡；④对水位观测干扰表现为大幅突跳。
The high proportion of interference in geomagnetic, geoelectric, electromagnetic and water level observations is found by comparing the cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning data of Chongming area and geophysical observation data of Chongming Seismic Station. The cloud-to-ground lightning directly affects electromagnetic field changes and indirectly affects instrument components, the amplitude of interference is related to the distance of CG lightning and the current intensity formed by CG lightning. The specific forms of interference are as follows:① The electromagnetic disturbance is characterized by one-way jump and the overall rise of measured values;② The geomagnetic disturbance is characterized by one-point jump in the positive and negative directions; ③ The geoelectric field disturbance is characterized by large-scale oscillation; and ④ The disturbance of water level observation is characterized by large-scale jump.
2019,40(1): 91-95 收稿日期：2017-11-7
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2019.01.012
基金项目：中国地震局监测、预报、科研三结合课题——地闪对崇明台前兆观测的干扰情况分析（项目编号：160902）
作者简介：朱培育(1976-),男,工程师,长期从事地震前兆监测工作
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