中国地磁观测台网台站配备多种高精度连续观测仪器，获得大量数字化观测数据。为有效监控仪器运行状态、台站观测环境及观测数据质量，地磁观测台网引入多个数据评价指标，参考背景噪声即为其中一个重要指标，分析该指标在国际地磁静、扰日以及不同时间段的分布特征，评估其有效性，并利用观测数据验证其合理性。该指标可有效监控数据质量，及时反映地磁台观测运行中存在的问题，作为评估地磁观测台网对地磁场活动最小分辨能力的指标，尚蕴藏其他变化特征。参考背景噪声指标在数据质量监控和数据分析中具有一定应用价值。
The observatories of Geomagnetic Network of China (GNC) have been digitized through equipping with a variety of high-precision continuous observation instruments, and a large number of observation data have been obtained. In order to effectively monitor the operation status of instruments, observation environment of stations and observation data quality, several indexes for data evaluation have introduced to GNC. The reference background noise is one of the important indexes, which is designed according to the distribution characteristics of the geomagnetic observatories. Here, the design and calculation method of reference background noise will be introduced in detail, and its effectiveness will be evaluated by analyzing the distribution characteristics of the indicator in the international magnetic most quiet and disturb days, as well as in different time periods, and its rationality will be verified by the observation data. Then the application of the index for data quality monitoring is introduced. The index can effectively monitor the quality of observation data, timely reflect the problem existing in geomagnetic observatories, and be used to assess the minimum resolution of the geomagnetic observation network. So the index introduced in this paper is of high value in data quality monitoring and data analysis.
2019,40(4): 65-73 收稿日期：2019-02-14
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2019.04.010
基金项目：地震科技星火计划项目（项目编号：XH17014SX）；国家重大仪器研发专项（编号：2014YQ100817）
作者简介：何宇飞(1981-),男,助理研究员,主要从事地磁台站数据管理与数据分析工作。E-mail:heyufei_bj@163.com
*通讯作者：赵旭东(1983-),男,副研究员,主要从事地磁与空间电流研究工作。E-mail:zxd9801@163.com
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