简要叙述运用P波初动资料确定地震震源机制（断层面解）的原理与方法，并以图解法为例，详细阐述相关的物理概念及求地震震源机制解的具体步骤，以适应具有不同专业背景（例如：地震学、地球物理学、地质学、大地测量学、工程地震学、灾害科学、管理科学）的不同读者（例如：学生、教师、管理人员）的不同需求（例如：了解、学习、应用）.
The fundermental principal and technique for earthquake focal mechanism (fault-plane solution) from compression and dilatation distribution of the first P motion data are presented brieftly. Take graphic technique as an example, the related physical idea and technique, are illustated step by step, to meet various needs (such as general understanding, study, applications, etc.) of various readers (such as students, teachers, disaster-managers, etc.) of various professional background (such as seimology, geophysics, geology, geodesy, engineering seismology, disaster-science, management science, etc.)
2021,42(3): 1-14 收稿日期：2021-03-26
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2021.03.001
基金项目：中国地震局地球物理研究所基本科研业务费专项（项目编号：DQJB21B28）
作者简介：陈运泰(1940-),男,地球物理学家,地震学家,中国科学院院士,发展中国家科学院(TWAS)院士,国际大地测量学与地球物理学联合会(IUGG)会士,亚洲与大洋洲地球科学学会(AOGS)荣誉会员(会士),主要从事地球物理学研究和地震学研究
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