对测氡仪器进行校准是保证观测数据准确可靠的重要前提。本文从校准原理、操作流程、准确度方面,对3种利用传统氡气固体源进行测氡仪器校准的方法进行了总结和讨论,重点介绍了基于AlphaGUARD P2000F测氡仪,利用水中溶解氡气对其他测氡仪校准的基本原理、校准流程,分析了该校准方法的优缺点。为了分析利用水中溶解氡气与传统氡气固体源对测氡仪校准的准确度差异,设计采用2种校准方法,分别对FD-125测氡仪3个闪烁室进行实验。实验表明,使用水中溶解氡气校准法得到的06、07、08闪烁室的校准因子与传统氡气固体源校准的相对误差分别为1.46%、1.6%、1.42%,准确度差异较小。目前固体氡源存在运输困难、严重老化、国家环保部门监管严格等问题,利用水中溶解氡气开展测氡仪器校准可以作为一种有效的解决方案。
Calibration of radon measuring instruments is an important prerequisite to ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurement results. From the aspects of calibration principle, operation process, and accuracy, this paper summarizes and discusses three general calibration methods using a radon solid source. Then we focus on the introduction of a calibration experiment without a radon source, which uses the AlphaGUARD P2000F emanometer and AquaKIT accessories. In order to analyse the calibration results using dissolved radon in water and a radon solid source, two calibration methods were designed to carry out experiments on three scintillation chambers of the FD-125 emanometer. The results show that the relative errors of calibration factors using the dissolved radon calibration method were 1.46%, 1.6%, and 1.42%, respectively, with respect to the calibration results using a traditional solid radon source. The accuracy difference betweenthe two methods is small. At present, solid radon sources have problems such as transportation difficulties, serious aging, strict supervision of national environmental protection departments, etc. Therefore, the newly developed calibration method using dissolved radon in water can be an effective solution.
2023,44(2): 157-163 收稿日期:2022-11-15
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2023.02.020
基金项目:中国地震局监测、预报、科研三结合课题(项目编号:3JH-202301052)
作者简介:郭宗斌(1992—),男,硕士研究生,工程师,主要从事地震地下流体研究工作。E-mail:408663940@qq.com
参考文献:
崔井安. 关于Rn-150固体氡气源分配剂量误差的讨论[J]. 东北地震研究,1995,(3):57-61.
杜文勇. GD-L2型流气式固体氡源标定测氡仪的方法及影响因素浅析[J]. 防灾科技学院学报,2013a,15(3):67-71.
杜文勇,贺永忠. GD-L2型流气式固体氡源标定SD-3A数字化气氡仪的经验探讨[J]. 防灾减灾学报,2013b,29(2):40-44.
冯恩国,连凯旋,陈其锋,等. 聊古一井水位同震效应研究[J]. 高原地震,2016,28(1):19-24.
黄仁桂,赵影,李雨泽,等. 地震氡观测计量溯源初步探究[J]. 地震,2019,39(2):183-190.
柯璟,柯玉龙,庄映辉,等. 对几种固体氡源在标定测氡仪器中性能的探析[J]. 华南地震,2015,35(2):43-49.
李彤起,李正蒙,陈兰庆,等. 测氡仪器固体氡气源标定新技术推广应用进展与效益[J]. 西北地震学报,1997,19(4):71-77.
黎己余,郑辰禾,林稚颖,等. 不同型号测氡仪器在宁德一号井观测效能分析[J]. 地震科学进展,2021,51(12):553-559.
李朝明,杨志坚,褚金学,等. RN-FD型固体氡气源的稳定性及应用分析[J]. 震灾防御技术,2018,13(1):114-124.
刘耀炜,任宏微. 汶川8.0级地震氡观测值震后效应特征初步分析[J]. 地震,2009,29(1):121-131.
起卫罗,曹舸斌,方伟. 基于AlphaGUARD P2000F测氡仪利用水中溶解氡对DDL-1型气氡仪校准的实验研究[J]. 地震工程学报,2019,41(6):1 560-1 567.
任宏微,姚玉霞,黄仁桂,等. 地震监测氡观测仪器校准新方法研究[J]. 地震,2016,36(3):46-54.
任宏微,姚玉霞,周红艳. 测氡仪标准仪器校准法的条件研究[J]. 地震,2017,37(3):148-156.
温丽媛,刘春国,陈其峰,等. 山东地震前兆台网地下流体数据跟踪分析[J]. 内陆地震,2019,33(2):166-173.
闫钇帆,梁珺成,杨志杰,等. 标准测氡仪的量值溯源方法研究[J]. 计量学报,2020,41(2):250-256.
姚玉霞,李旭升,王军燕,等. FD-125型氡钍分析仪最佳工作状态选择[J]. 内陆地震,2017,31(1):92-96.
张清秀,孔令昌,江劲军,等. 新型流气式固体氡源用于氡仪器标定的实验研究[J]. 华南地震,2012,32(3):60-67.
Mas J L, VelázquezL M, Hurtado-Bermúdez S J. Optimization of AlphaGUARD AquaKIT set-up for analysis of radon in water using stainless-steel bottles and its validation through IAEA standard samples[J]. Radiation Measurements, 2021, 142: 106545.
Omori Y, Nagahama H, Yasuoka Y, et al. Radon degassing triggered by tidal loading before an earthquake[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11(1): 4 092.
Seminsky A K, Seminsky K Z. Variations in radon activity in the groundwater of the southern Baikal region: emanation response of earthquakes[J]. Doklady Earth Sciences, 2021, 499(2): 661-665.