通过对2020年5月至2022年12月汕头气汞测值的分析,总结中国台湾地区MS≥5.5地震前后汕头气汞远场异常特征。结果表明:在研究时段,台湾共发生MS≥5.5地震19次,主要集中在花莲、台东和宜兰3个地区;在这些地震前后,汕头气汞整点值曲线均出现明显的异常变化,且3个地区震前异常特征各不相同,而同一地区异常形态具有较好的重复性。采用R值评估方法,检验研究时段内汕头气汞日均值对台湾地区MS≥5.5地震的预测效能,结果发现,当气汞异常阈值取0.066 ng/L、0.067 ng/L、0.068 ng/L,预报时间为5—9天时,R>R0,表明汕头气汞对台湾地区MS≥5.5地震具有短临预测意义。
Based on the analysis of mercury vapor observations in Shantou from May 2020 to December 2022, the far-field anomaly characteristics before and after MS≥5.5 earthquakes in Taiwan were studied. The results show that: during the period, there were 19 MS≥5.5 earthquakes mainly concentrated in three areas: Hualian, Taidong, and Yilan. Before and after these earthquakes there were many obvious abnormal changes in the hourly value observations of mercury vapor in Shantou. The anomaly characteristics differed for earthquakes in different concentration areas, while the anomaly shapes in the same region had good repeatability. The R-value assessment method was used to test the prediction efficiency of the daily mean on MS≥5.5 earthquakes in Taiwan during the study period. The results found that when the mercury vapor anomaly threshold is 0.066 ng/L, 0.067 ng/L, 0.068 ng/L, the forecast time is 5-9 days, R>R0, indicating that the Shantou mercury vapor has short-period prediction significance for MS≥5.5 earthquakes in Taiwan.
2024,45(5): 89-97 收稿日期:2024-4-23
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2024.05.013
基金项目:国家重点研发计划(项目编号:2023YFC3008600);2024年度中国地震局老科技工作者课题(项目编号:202411);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)创新团队项目(项目编号:99147-42080024);广东省科技计划(项目编号:2019B020208014)
作者简介:张惠霞(1973-),女,一级主任科员,地震监测工程师,长期从事地震地下流体观测与研究、地震监测台站管理、地震科普宣传等工作。E-mail:1494461345@qq.com
参考文献:
范雪芳,张文男,刘国俊,等. 数字化气汞观测脉冲高值异常分析[J]. 地震地磁观测与研究,2009,30(3):57-62.
林怀威. 地震地下流体综合数字化遥测监测预报研究[J]. 地震,1998,18(3):299-302.
刘特培,谭争光,李晓慧,等. 2018年台湾海峡6.2级地震前地震活动及应力状态研究[J].地球物理学报,2023,66(4):1 508-1 524.
马建英,刘学领,李君英. 河北文安5.1级地震前天津地区地下流体异常特征[J]. 地震,2008,28(1):73-78.
田优平,唐红亮,康承旭,等.综合震源机制解法反演湖南地区构造应力场的初步结果[J].地球物理学报,2020,63(11):4 080-4 096.
万永芳. 汕头台地下流体正常动态与地震短临异常[J]. 华南地震,2000,(1):48-51.
王玉兰. 乌鲁木齐地震活动区的地下水汞测量[J]. 内陆地震,1995,(2):158-162.
闻学泽,徐锡伟. 福州盆地的地震环境与主要断层潜在地震的最大震级评价 [J]. 地震地质,2003,(4):509-524.
许绍燮. 地震预报能力评分[M]//国家地震局科技监测司编. 地震预报方法实用化研究文集:地震学专辑. 北京:学术书刊出版社,1989:586-589.
赵小茂,黄辅琼,王新,等. 汶川8.0级地震及余震期间陕西周至气汞的异常特征[J]. 内陆地震,2010,24(3):236-240.
张常慧,宋晓冰,李海孝,等. 怀来4井数字气汞观测及资料分析[J]. 地震地磁观测与研究,2008,29(3):65-68.
张惠霞,陈文静,吴逸涛. 汕头市地震局综合数字化地下流体观测孔在台湾强震前的观测结果及异常特征[J]. 汕头科技,2002,(3):37-39.