选取大青山山前断裂带东北部地区的2个地表台站和2个山洞台站2022年1月的测震观测数据，进行背景噪声计算和特征分析。研究结果显示：相较于地表观测台站，山洞观测抗人文活动所致噪声干扰优势明显，尤其体现在噪声均方根（Root Mean Square，RMS）值的变化上；高频段背景噪声主要来自人类活动，噪声水平与台站和干扰源的距离密切相关，应根据台站背景噪声合理规划台站建设；台站长周期背景噪声水平主要受到温度等自然环境因素的影响，采用山洞观测方式可有效降低干扰，提升测震数据质量。
The seismic observation data of two surface stations and two cave stations in the northeastern part of the Daqingshan piedmont fault zone in January 2022 were selected for background noise calculation and feature analysis. The research results show that, compared with surface observation stations, cave observation has a significant advantage in resisting noise interference caused by human activities, which is especially reflected in the changes in the noise root mean square (RMS) values. The background noise in the high-frequency band mainly comes from human activities, and the noise level is closely related to the distance between the station and the interference source. The construction of stations should be reasonably planned according to the background noise of the stations. The long-period background noise level of the station is mainly affected by natural environmental factors such as temperature. The cave observation can effectively reduce interference and improve the quality of seismic data.
2025,46(1): 57-63 收稿日期：2024-5-24
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2025.01.008
基金项目：中国地震局监测、预报、科研三结合课题（项目编号：3JH-202401051）
作者简介：包文超（1992—），男，工程师，主要从事地震预警工作。E-mail：445478627@qq.com
*通讯作者：张荣莲（1974—），女，工程师，主要从事地震监测等工作。E-mail：amurtubxin@126.com
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